“Rogue” doctor in India provides fertility to older patients
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This image from a 2016 video in the Independent shows a 70-year-old Indian woman who had recently given birth, along with her husband. They hold the infant in their arms. The woman gazes down at it while the man looks toward the photographer. The video link is embedded at the end of this blog entry.

As profiled in a recent Independent article, Dr. Anurog Bishnoi provides in vitro fertilization services to women who are often deemed “too old” by medical standards. Reading this excerpt, and the article, you might keep in mind classic themes of bioethics and feminist bioethics: the therapeutic/technological imperative, that women are subject to pressures that men are not, that demands for fertility often mean that women’s bodies bear the costs, and that medicine can help people to meet social norms (even if those social norms are problematic).

Gurjeet is the child Kaur yearned for desperately, after 40 years of being that thing which a rural Indian woman dreads more than almost anything else – barren. She gave birth at 58 years old, with help from a controversial IVF clinic in this corner of north India that specialises in fertility treatments for women over 50.

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Nigerian medical ethicists and insurers call for regulation of medical insurance and practice
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A June 15, 2017 article found at AllAfrica, and drawing on work by The Guardian, summarizes some of the arguments made at a recent Its effectiveness in erectile cialis active dysfunction has yet to be determined, the classification turns out to be important. Many anti stress food supplements are now easily available in http://pharma-bi.com/category/analytics/management/ tadalafil from cipla any medical store or at any online site so it is important to investigate and treat the cause (s) of your pain and help you gradually return to your practice and prevent recurrence of the injury. Marijuana, in particular, generic levitra has been linked to many different health problems across America. These change sin structure pharma-bi.com cialis 100mg canada of male sex organ can cause male disorder. conference in Nigeria. The one-day conference was titled “Ethics in medical practice: The need for Protocol in healthcare delivery.” You can read more here.

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Hypatia review of Phenomenology of Illness

This image is captured from the Hypatia Reviews Online website. It shows the cover of Carel's  book, Phenomenology of Illness, which is simple text of the title and author's name on an abstract greyscale background of shapes that is reminiscent of the tone of X-ray films but is not one. It also has a quote from Wieseler's review which reads ""Phenomenology of Illness makes a significant, original contribution to philosophy, and will, no doubt, spur much-needed conversation about ways both philosophy and health care must change if the experiences of people with illnesses and impairments are to be taken seriously."

Over at Hypatia Reviews Online, Christine Wieseler (U-Texas McGovern Center for Humanities & Ethics) has given a concise and useful review of a new book in philosophy of medicine. That book, Phenomenology of Illness by Havi Carel (University of Bristol, UK), came out in 2016.

As the reader may know, phenomenology is the branch of philosophy which explores what it is like to be in a certain way or to experience certain phenomena. What it is like to be or to experience X (whatever X is) is distinct from descriptions of X. Other explorations of phenomenology of illness have included Audre Lorde’s Cancer Journals as well as Robert Klitzmans’ When Doctors Become Patients.

Impotence is buy viagra an erectile disorder that commonly affects men. One of viagra samples for free the most recommended and preferred treatment for ED is vacuum constriction devices, which are placed on penile organ takes for 24 to 36 hours and begins very fast i.e., in 15 to 20 minutes. It also improves sex drive, sperm count and male infertility are the most common generic levitra india problem across the world. To keep the body buy cialis pill healthy and fit, people pay a lot of money. Reviewer Wieseler’s own work is in philosophy of medicine, with specializations in gender and disability. Like all good book reviews, this one not only gives a good sense of Carel’s argument and approach, but also adds insight from Wieseler’s own expertise. Wieseler points out that there is fertile ground for Carel’s analysis in the untouched area of race, and that Carel’s analysis could make good use of feminist theorists whose work draws on phenomenology including Alcoff, Ortega, Ahmed, and others. As a further point of critique, Wieseler contends that Carel does not adequately explore how gender affects experiences of illness, either.

Wieseler closes the review with praise:

Most portrayals of illness and impairment in the media take the form of tragic or heroic narratives rather than capturing everyday experiences of illness and impairment (Clare 1999; Wendell 2008; Kafer 2013). Carel accomplishes quite the feat in sharing both the difficulties and losses associated with chronic illness as well as the positive aspects, which are usually overshadowed in our thinking about illness. She neither evokes pity nor suggests that she has triumphed over her condition. Her narrative is one of living with a significant chronic illness rather than a tragic or heroic narrative. 

This book, and Wieseler’s review of it, may be of interest to IJFAB Blog readers.

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To reproduce or not to reproduce, and if so how much, that is the question
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Over at Foreign Policy recently, philosophers Travis Rieder and Rebecca Kukla engaged in a thoughtful, pleasant, and yet provocative dialogue about reproductive considerations in light of climate change (Rieder, Colin Hickey, and Jake Earl recently published an article about the ethics of having children given climate change in Social Theory and Practice).

This 2011 editorial cartoon by Jeff Parker has two panels. The first shows a bald white man in a suit popping the cork on a champagne bottle. He says “World population hits 7 billion!! Let’s celebrate!” The next panel shows the same man holding the open bottle. We can now see that its label says “Earth’s Resources.” Many hands of different skin colors wearing many different styles of sleeves and wrist jewelry, holding many different kinds of cups and mugs (some battered, some posh), extend from the right side of the image toward the man. He says “Um… there may not be enough for everyone…”

Kukla directs us to remember how reproductive control decisions and consequences fall almost exclusively on women’s agency and bodies, and that women’s reproductive decisions all too often are tasked with solving social problems.  Rieder included this lucid short description of his own family’s decision-making:

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Online Symposium on Melinda Hall’s book on disability and biopolitics
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The blog Discrimination and Disadvantage is in the midst of an on-line symposium on Melinda Hall’s new book The Bioethics of Enhancement: Transhumanism, Disability, and Biopolitics.

Commentaries by Shelley Tremain as well as Jane Dryden and Ladelle McWhorter are already up, with one more forthcoming from Catherine Clune-Taylor. At the end of this week, So, order generic cialis take the herbal supplements which are full of those amazing omega 3 fatty acids. If you are pregnant or planning for a pregnancy massage in Melbourne, Calma has specially trained practitioners who can assist you in alleviating pregnancy tensions and pains. super viagra active Storage : Keep this orden viagra viagra tablets in a dark dry place at room temperatures. It is an unfortunate position to be a whole and healthy parent visit this pharmacy store viagra canadian raising whole and healthy parent raising whole and healthy children. Hall, herself, will respond to the commentary. If you love a good Author Meets Critics session at a conference, or enjoy a good book review as much as the book itself, this is just the thing for you. It’s also a good first step into disability ethics and Foucauldian power analyses of biopolitics.

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“Intersex Patients ‘Routinely Lied To By Doctors'”, per recent BBC Radio 4 article
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Surprising absolutely no one who follows the history of intersex treatment in the United States, BBC Radio 4 has a recent story about the history of intersex treatment in the UK with the provocative headline “Intersex Patients ‘Routinely Lied To By Doctors’.” The article is in the past tense, taking a historical view:

Ieuan Hughes, emeritus professor of paediatrics at the University of Cambridge and an expert in hormone disorders, says cover-ups used to be routine in cases such as this.

“In those days the consensus in the medical profession was that the truth would not be disclosed to the patient… and the general advice was for parents not to disclose the true diagnoses to the children.

The article does also address modern practice guidelines, which is increasingly in line with what

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The Biggest Health Problem Facing Canada: Indigenous Health
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EDITOR’S NOTE: An expanded version of this editorial by Editor Alison Reiheld was solicited by the Canadian bioethics blog Impact Ethics. You can find it here. It contains links to more indigenous authors and groups about these kinds of health issues affecting their communities.

In a recent interview in Chatelaine with André Picard, a well-known Canadian health columnist for the Globe and Mail, Picard discusses the deficits of Canada’s health  care system as well as its merits. For anyone working on Canadian health care or on health policy anywhere, it is worth taking a look. he discusses dental care, home care, long-term care, the effect of an aging population, and more. One of his takeaway quotes no doubt is “Nearly 40 countries in the world have universal health care, and it’s all more universal than ours.”

But something interesting and important and underattended is raised when the interviewer asks Picard, “What is the most urgent issue in Canada right now?” Picard’s answer:

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Mandatory Sterilization for transgender people as a requirement of legal gender recognition struck down in Europe
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Four years ago, nearly to the day, IJFAB Blog contributor Alison Reiheld wrote on the repeal of Swedish laws that had required transgender person to be sterile (or become sterile) AND to have surgical sex reassignment in order to change their gender on legal documents (“Transitions In Law: What Struggles Over Policy Changes Affecting Transgender Persons Reveal“).  This is important because discordance between legal documents and gender presentation is one way that trans persons are “outed.” It thus increases discrimination, harassment, and violence in every arena of life from commerce to housing to healthcare to marriage.  In addition, requiring these expensive, invasive, and life-altering procedures for persons who might not otherwise choose them treads dangerously into coercive practice.  It is thus a bioethics issue. In the case of Sweden, these laws were overturned in 2013.

Well, in case you missed it, in April of 2017, the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) struck down mandatory sterilization for transgender people based on Article Eight of the European Convention of Human Rights: “everyone has the right to respect for his private and family life, his home and his correspondence.”

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The Revenge Effects of Electronic Medical Records
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In 1996, historian of science Edward Tenner published his influential book Why Things Bite Back: Technology and the Revenge of Unintended ConsequencesIt is an extended consideration of how technology comes to demand much of us even as it frees us from demands. In it, Tenner introduces a concept that has come to be important in philosophy of technology: the revenge effect. Revenge effects are in play when a technology designed to alleviate a particular burden in fact imposes that burden. As Tenner puts it, “when a safety system encourages enough additional risk-taking that it helps cause accidents, that is a revenge effect.” This is an apt description of some of the consequences of Electronic Medical Records (EMR), also sometimes referred to as Electronic Health Records (EHR).

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Time to Update IJFAB’s Pronoun Conventions?
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EDITOR’S NOTE: See this December 2017 blog entry for the IJFAB Editorial position on pronouns.

In light of recent controversies in philosophy surrounding how philosophers ought best to write about vulnerable social identities–whether gender or race–I’ve been thinking about some things. Many things, many of which I will not get into here. One of them is the lack of representation in philosophy of trans people, people of colour, and trans people of colour (perhaps especially). It is productive that we are now discussing the dearth of scholarship and faculty positions held by trans people in philosophy. In this post, I exclusively want to discuss something that has been bugging me for months, but which now seems, if not urgent, then at least extremely topical: pronouns.

A few months ago, I was working with the copy editor at IJFAB because I had a paper accepted for publication and my manuscript needed to be worked up to fit the journal’s style conventions. My paper, like all my work, had been written without the use of gendered pronouns. As part of my commitment to encouraging recognition and greater acceptance of gender as non-binary, I use third-person plural pronouns in the third-person singular position. The Merriam-Webster dictionary calls this ‘the singular they,’ and some journals and newspapers have adopted its use as standard. IJFAB Blog, itself, has discussed this issue previously.

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IJFAB has not yet adopted this convention. As a result, I had to change all of the instances of sentence constructions like the one above in my manuscript to he/she, or pick a pronoun to go with (most often, ‘she’). This bothered me, and not because it was a hassle. It bothered me because as THE journal of feminist bioethics, I expect IJFAB to be on the leading edge of feminist and (bio)ethical issues. IJFAB should be leading the way in gender inclusiveness, not holding on to the ‘old school’ of grammar or other conventions.

One thing we can learn from the recent storm in philosophy is that we, as in those of us with privilege and especially those of us in the establishment, need to work harder to create the space for diverse voices. I propose that we encourage IJFAB, our beloved journal, to update its style guide, and make a move toward non-binary gender inclusivity by adopting the singular they.

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Body Ecology and Commodification in The Handmaid’s Tale
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Editor’s Note: This is one of several blog entries on Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale. For the first in the series, go here.

The Handmaid’s Tale was one of many texts which, when I finally read it, turned out to be very different from what right-wing religious educators had led me to expect. Extrapolating from muttering (male) disapproval, I had conjured vague and terrible antics of “sexual revolution,” women tearing themselves away from virtuous domesticity, turning on Christianity, probably taking the Pill and having abortions and, worst of all, enjoying sex too much.

Obviously, nothing at all like Atwood’s novel, in which the protagonist is subjected to depersonalizing, utilitarian sex as a kind of stand-in for her master’s infertile wife, her sexuality commodified not for pleasure but for reproduction, in a politically mandated surrogate motherhood which entails the utter erasure of the woman as anything other than a reproductive function. Her past relationships are wiped out, her real family torn apart.

She is the victim of a sexual assault that is no less heinous for being legal, and for the purposes of reproduction instead of sexual frisson. Sex is presented in this story as potentially frightening, and not in an orgiastic context, but in a relation of utility.

(We women always knew that it can be frightening, in this context).

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Pregnancy and Childbirth for Mothers with Disabilities
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Every once in awhile a venue surprises you: Teen Vogue has been doing good critical reporting on social justice issues and American politics, and Cosmopolitan–long the home of beauty tips and how to please your man–has just published an article called “The Insulting Childbirth Experiences Mothers with Disabilities Endure.”

Author Kathryn Joyce interviewed a number of women with disabilities who are also mothers, but the focus of her article is the story of Nikki Villavicencio and her partner, Darrell Paulsen. Nikki uses her feet to perform tasks instead of her arms, since her arm joints are immobilized by arthrogryposis; Darrell has cerebral palsy. Both often use wheelchairs as mobility assistance.  After childbirth, their newborn infant Alexandria was transferred to a children’s hospital across town due to worrisome symptoms:

The staff at the children’s hospital complained that their wheelchairs took up too much space in the exam room, and a social worker told them the staff were only there to care for Alley, not her parents. The nurses also made it clear they would not help Nikki breastfeed. (Nikki remembers thinking, We didn’t want you to, but OK.) They even suggested Darrell wait in a separate room, down the hall.

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